Current status and prospects of my country's lithium battery energy storage industry
On September 22, 2017, five departments including the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Energy Storage Technology and Industry" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guiding Opinions"). The significance, general requirements, key tasks and safeguard measures of my country's energy storage technology and industrial development. The "Guiding Opinions" pointed out that energy storage is an important component and key supporting technology of smart grids, energy systems with a high proportion of renewable energy, and "Internet +" smart energy. Energy storage is an important means to improve the flexibility, economy and security of the traditional power system. It is a key technology to promote the replacement of the main energy from fossil energy to renewable energy. core foundation. In recent years, my country's energy storage has shown a good trend of diversified development, and generally has a preliminary foundation for industrialization. In the next 10 years, the relevant work will be promoted in two stages. Among them, during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the transition from R&D demonstration to the initial stage of commercialization of energy storage will be realized; during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the transformation from the initial stage of commercialization to large-scale development will be realized. The introduction of the guidance on the energy storage industry marks that my country's energy storage industry is moving from demonstration projects to commercial applications.
my country's energy storage development trend and characteristics
In recent years, my country's energy storage has shown a good trend of diversified development: pumped storage has developed rapidly; compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, superconducting energy storage and supercapacitors, lead storage batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, flow batteries The R&D and application of energy storage technologies such as energy storage are accelerating; heat storage, cold storage, and hydrogen storage technologies have also made some progress.
Li-ion battery energy storage is an important part of electrochemical energy storage. At present, large-capacity energy storage technologies mainly include mechanical energy storage (pumped water storage, compressed air, flywheel energy storage, etc.), electromagnetic energy storage (superconducting magnetic energy storage, supercapacitors, etc.), and electrochemical energy storage (lead batteries, flow batteries, lithium-ion batteries, etc.). Among them, pumped storage is the most mature and economical large-capacity energy storage technology, which has the advantages of large scale, long life, and low operating costs. Among the energy storage projects in operation in China, the cumulative installed capacity of pumped hydro storage accounts for 99.5%. However, pumped water storage must have geographical conditions suitable for the construction of upper and lower reservoirs, which are greatly restricted by terrain conditions and have a long construction period.
Lithium-ion battery energy storage is the main form of future development. Electrochemical energy storage technology has the advantages of short response time, high energy density, flexibility and convenience, and low maintenance cost. It is the most important form of energy storage other than pumped water storage. According to forecasts, the cumulative installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage in China will increase steadily. In 2016, the cumulative installed capacity was 255MW. By 2020, the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage will exceed 2000MW, and the compound annual growth rate from 2016 to 2020 is close to 70%. Lithium-ion battery energy storage accounts for 66% of the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage, and is the most important form of electrochemical energy storage.
The cost of lithium battery energy storage is generally reduced, and the technology is becoming more and more mature
Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most common energy storage technology on the market, and are widely used in various personal electronic products, mobile devices and even vehicle batteries for electric vehicles. Usually we refer to lithium batteries as lithium-ion batteries, which are generally divided into energy storage lithium batteries and power lithium batteries according to their uses. Lithium batteries for energy storage are used in photovoltaics or UPS. The internal resistance is relatively large, and the charging and discharging speed is relatively slow, generally 0.5~1C. Power batteries are generally used in electric vehicles. The internal resistance is small, and the charging and discharging speed is fast, generally reaching 3~1C. 5C, the price is about 1.5 times more expensive than energy storage batteries.
Energy density, power density, safety performance, charging time, and environmental high and low temperature resistance are the five major indicators for evaluating the performance of lithium batteries. At present, the last four points of lithium battery technology in my country have initially reached the standard, but further refinement of the technology is needed in terms of energy density. Waiting for progress. On March 1, 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Action Plan for Promoting the Development of the Automotive Power Battery Industry". The "Plan" requires major breakthroughs in key materials and components of power batteries. By 2020, the key materials and components such as positive and negative electrodes, separators, and electrolytes will reach the world-class level, and the upstream industrial chain will achieve balanced and coordinated development, forming an innovative backbone enterprise with core competitiveness. The requirement of this solution for the specific energy of the battery is bound to trigger a new wave of high-energy-density materials.
The currently hot lithium titanate material is also worthy of attention. It can replace graphite as an anode material. Although the energy density is not high, lithium titanate can allow the battery to achieve high-rate charge and discharge, and has excellent safety performance and long cycle life. It is reported that the fourth-generation high-energy-density lithium titanate battery developed by Yinlong has reduced the cost by 40% and increased the energy density by 60% compared with the third-generation. The industry is optimistic that lithium titanate batteries may form a tripartite situation with ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries in the future.
Although the high cost of lithium-ion batteries is a serious challenge for the development of the industry, many companies have been committed to improving the cost performance of lithium-ion batteries. According to the analysis results of EnergyTrend analyst Duff (Lv Lishun) on the price of lithium batteries, the price of lithium batteries has a slight increase in the first, second and third quarters of 2017. The demand continues to expand, and the cost of lithium batteries is decreasing year by year due to the mass production of lithium batteries. The current price is enough to be commercially developed and widely used.
In addition, after the power lithium battery decays to less than 80% of the initial capacity, it can be used in the energy storage field in stages, further reducing the cost of the energy storage lithium battery.
Future development prospect and enterprise layout
The development of the energy storage industry may continue the prosperity of lithium battery equipment. The rapid development of the new energy automobile industry has driven the rapid progress of lithium-ion battery technology, the cost of lithium-ion batteries has gradually decreased, and the energy density is also on the rise. With the further maturity of battery technology and the business model of the energy storage industry, the energy storage industry will usher in rapid development, which is expected to continue the business cycle of lithium battery equipment.
With the reduction of lithium battery costs and the improvement of energy density brought about by battery technology, and the further maturity of the business model of the energy storage industry, the energy storage industry will usher in rapid development and is expected to continue the business cycle of lithium battery equipment.
From the perspective of the long-term development of the market, as the cost of lithium batteries continues to decline, the scope of application of lithium battery energy storage routes is wide, coupled with the continuous advancement of my country's policies, the energy storage market has the greatest potential for development in the future.
Guangzhou Supersonic Automation Technology Co., Ltd. has core technologies with high thresholds in the industry, and invests more cost and manpower in research and development to quickly and professionally respond to the ever-changing needs of customers. At present, Supersonic has a team of more than 70 people, including more than 30 technical backbones led by several doctors and professors. At present, it has 112 national invention patents and utility model patents (among them, certificates have been obtained: 76 items, applications: 36 items), software copyright authorization 54 items, and 13 big star products have successfully passed the "Guangdong High-tech Products" certification , and won the title of Excellent Enterprise in China Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition and Top 100 China Science and Technology Innovation SMEs.
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